Te Uara Whānui o ngā Mita Rere Doppler: Te Hurihanga o te Aroturukitanga Wai puta noa i ngā Ahumahi

Ko tētahi o ngā kaha tino kaha o ngā mita rere Doppler ko tōna kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā wai paru, kī tonu i ngā matūriki—he wero noa e kore ai e whai hua te maha atu o ngā mita. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā whare horoi wai para, he maha ngā taumata o ngā totoka iri, ngā mea rauropi, me ngā paru kei roto i ngā awa wai me ngā awa para. Ka tere te poke, te aukati rānei i raro i ēnei āhuatanga, ka mutu te tiaki me ngā pānui hē. Heoi, ka tupu pai ngā mita rere Doppler i konei: ka whakaitihia e ā rātou hoahoa pūoko te pā tika ki ngā wāhanga tino poke o te wai, ka whakaitihia te poke me te whakaroa i te roa o te mahi. I whakakapia e tētahi whare horoi wai para i Chicago āna mita rere miihini ki ngā tauira Doppler, ā, i ripoatahia he 60% te hekenga o ngā waeatanga tiaki, me te 15% te whakapainga o te tika o ngā raraunga. He mea nui tēnei pono mō ngā kaiwhakahaere whare, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā raraunga rere tika hei arotau i ngā tukanga maimoatanga, hei whakatutuki i ngā here tukunga ture, me te karo i ngā whiu utu nui. Mō ngā pūnaha wai para ā-tāone, ka whakangawarihia hoki e ngā mita Doppler te tāutanga ki ngā paipa o nāianei—he maha ngā tauira ka taea te whakairi ki waho, ki te iti rānei o te whakarerekētanga paipa, ka whakakorea te hiahia mō ngā kati whakararuraru i te wā whakatūnga.

I roto i te umanga keri, ina aro turukihia ngā wai e ngā awa whakakoi, whai kohuke (pērā i te wai tukatuka, ngā paru, te wai rere rānei), ka tukuna e ngā mita rere Doppler te roa o te ora. He maha ngā wā kei roto i ngā wai keri te onepu, te kirikiri, ngā matūriki whakarewa rānei e pakaru ana i ngā wāhanga mita miihini, ka hua ake he whakakapinga maha me te wā kore mahi. Ko ngā mita Doppler, i hangaia ki ngā rauemi pakari pērā i te maitai kore waikura, te uku rānei, ka ātete ki te pakū me te waikura—ahakoa i roto i ngā wai he taumata pH teitei, he pāmahana tino nui rānei. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e tētahi maina parahi i Arizona ngā mita rere Doppler hei aro turuki i te rere o ngā paru (ngā para kohuke i konatunatua ki te wai) i roto i ngā awa tuwhera me ngā paipa kua kati. I mua i te whakamahi i te hangarau Doppler, i whakakapia e te maina ngā mita miihini i ia 6–8 marama; ināianei, ka mahi pono ngā mita Doppler mō te 3–4 tau, ka tapahia ngā utu whakakapinga mā te 70%. Ka whakaratohia hoki e ngā mita ngā raraunga rere wā-tūturu e āwhina ana i te maina ki te whakahaere i te whakamahinga wai—he mea nui i roto i ngā rohe maroke kei reira te tiaki wai he kaupapa matua mō te taiao me te whakahaere.​

Ka whai hua te rāngai hinu me te hau i te kaha o ngā mita rere Doppler ki te whakahaere i ngā wai maha-wāhanga—he ranunga hinu, hau, me te wai e kitea whānuitia ana i roto i te whakaputa me te tukatuka. He uaua ki ngā mita tuku iho te ine tika i ēnei awa uaua, nā te mea ka whakararuraru ngā mirumiru hau, ngā pata hinu rānei i ngā tauira rere. Heoi, ka taea e ngā mita Doppler te wehewehe i waenga i ngā wāhanga me te tatau i te tere rere katoa me te tika tonu, ahakoa ka rerekē te hanganga wai. Kei te whakamahi tētahi mahi hinu kirikiri i Texas i ngā mita rere Doppler hei aroturuki i te whakaputanga o te pane puna, ka huri ngā wai i waenga i ngā wāhanga hinu-matua me te wai-matua. Nā te kaha o ngā mita ki te urutau ki ēnei huringa kua pai ake te tika o te aroturuki whakaputanga mā te 25%, ka taea e te mahi te arotau i te mahi puna me te whakaiti i te para. Hei tāpiri, he pai ngā mita Doppler mō ngā taiao morearea: he maha ngā tauira kua whakamanahia mō ngā hau pahū (te tutuki i te ATEX, IECEx rānei), kia haumaru ai te whakamahi i roto i ngā waka hinu, i ngā whare hanga hinu rānei.

I roto i te whakamakuku ahuwhenua, ka whakangawarihia e ngā mita rere Doppler te whakahaere wai mō ngā pāmu me ngā pāmu nui. He maha ngā wā kei roto i te wai whakamakuku he paru, he rimurimu, he toenga tongi rānei ka ārai i ngā mita tuku iho, inā koa i roto i ngā pūnaha maturuturu, i ngā pūnaha tauhiuhi rānei. Mā ngā mita Doppler, me tōna hoahoa iti te tiaki, ka karohia ēnei take me te whakarato raraunga rere tika hei āwhina i ngā kaimahi pāmu ki te arotau i te whakamahinga wai. I tāutahia e tētahi pāmu witi i Nebraska ngā mita Doppler ki roto i āna pūnaha whakamakuku porowhita, ā, i whakamahia ngā raraunga hei whakarerekē i ngā wātaka whakamakuku i runga i ngā taumata makuku oneone. Ko te hua he 20% te hekenga o te whakamahinga wai me te 10% te pikinga o te hua hua—he tohu e kore e whakapai ake noa te hangarau Doppler i te whai huatanga engari e tautoko ana hoki i te ahuwhenua pumau. Mō ngā kaimahi pāmu e pāngia ana e te pikinga o te pēhanga ki te tiaki i te wai me te whakaiti i te pānga ki te taiao, ka tukuna e ngā mita Doppler he taputapu whai hua hei whakataurite i te hua me te tiaki.

Haunga ngā painga motuhake ki te ahumahi, he tino pai hoki ngā mita rere Doppler i ngā wāhi tawhiti me ngā wāhi uaua ki te uru atu. He maha ngā tauira kua rite ki te hononga IoT, e āhei ai ngā kaiwhakahaere ki te aroturuki i ngā raraunga rere mai i tawhiti mā roto i ngā papaaho kapua—e whakakore ana i te hiahia mō ngā haerenga ki te papaanga ki ngā puna wai tawhiti, ngā paipa, ngā awaawa whakamakuku rānei. He tino whai hua tēnei āhuatanga mō ngā mahi nui, pērā i ngā whatunga wai ā-tāone, ngā paipa hinu whakawhiti-whenua rānei, he nui te wā me te utu nui o te aroturuki ā-ringa. Hei tauira, ka whakamahia e tētahi kamupene wai i California ngā mita Doppler me te tuku raraunga mamao hei aroturuki i te rere i roto i ngā paipa taiwhenua; ka whakatūpato te pūnaha i ngā kaiwhakahaere ki ngā turuturu, ki ngā hekenga pēhanga rānei i te wā tūturu, ka whakaiti i te ngaronga wai mā te 28% me te penapena i ngā mano i roto i ngā utu whakatika.​

Ahakoa he nui ake te utu o ngā mita rere Doppler i te tīmatanga i ngā momo miihini taketake, kāore e taea te whakakore i te uara mō te wā roa. Ko te whakaiti i te tiaki, te roa o te ora, te whakapai ake i te tika, me te urutau ki ngā āhuatanga uaua ka puta he hokinga mai o te haumitanga i roto i te 2-3 tau puta noa i ngā ahumahi. Mō ngā mahi e whai ana ki te whakarei ake i te whai huatanga, te whai i ngā ture, me te awhi i te pumau, ehara i te mea he taputapu ine noa iho ngā mita rere Doppler—he rawa rautaki rātou.

I te whanaketanga o ngā ahumahi ki te whakatutuki i ngā paerewa taiao pakari ake me ngā tono mahi e tipu haere ana, kei te whakaatu tonu ngā mita rere Doppler i tōna whai huatanga. Mai i te maimoatanga wai para ki te keri, te hinu me te hau ki te ahuwhenua, ka tukuna e ēnei mita he mahi pono i te wā e kore ai e ranea ētahi atu taputapu. Mā te arotahi ki ngā hiahia o te ao tūturu kaua ki ngā mahi hangarau uaua, kei te hurihia e ngā mita rere Doppler te aroturuki wai—kotahi te otinga tika, pakari, me te urutau i te wā kotahi.