Ngā Painga Kāore e taea te Whakakahore o ngā Mita Wai Hiko-Aukume

Tuatahi, ko ngā mita wai hikohiko e tuku ana i te tika ine kāore i te rite, ahakoa puta noa i te whānuitanga o ngā tere rere. Kāore i rite ki ngā mita miihini, e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā wāhanga neke (pēnei i ngā impeller, i ngā piston rānei) ka taea te pakaru i roto i te wā, kāore he wāhanga miihini o roto o ngā mita EM e pā ana ki te wai e rere ana. Nā te kore o te waku, te pakaru miihini rānei, ka mau tonu te tika mō ngā tau - he maha ngā wā ka mau tonu te tika i roto i te ±0.2% ki te ±1% o te tere rere tuturu, i runga i te tauira. He tino pai hoki rātou ki te whakahaere i ngā tere rere teitei me te iti: he maha ngā wā ka raru ngā mita miihini ki ngā rere iti (ka iti te tatau) ngā rere teitei rānei (ka mōrearea te kino), engari ka urutau pai ngā mita EM, kia kore ai e tuhia te whakamahinga wai. He mea tino nui tēnei tika mō ngā ratonga e whai ana ki te whakaiti i te ngaronga moni mai i te wai kāore i te tatauhia, me ngā ahumahi e hiahia ana ki te whakahaere rere tika hei arotau i ngā tukanga.

Ko tētahi atu painga nui ko tōna hototahi ki ngā momo wai me ngā āhuatanga rerekē. Ka taea e ngā mita tuku iho te ārai, te pakaru rānei e te wai kei roto ngā paru, ngā totoka iri, ngā wai matotoru rānei—he mea noa i roto i ngā taiao ahumahi pēnei i te maimoatanga waipara, te keri, te tukatuka kai rānei. Heoi, ko ngā mita hikohiko he ngongo rere maeneene, kāore he arai (he mea hanga ki ngā rauemi ātete-waikura pēnei i te maitai kore waikura, te maitai waro PTFE rānei). Mā tēnei hoahoa ka taea e rātou te whakahaere i te wai he nui te paru, ngā matūriki, ngā matū rānei me te kore e ārai, e whakararu rānei i te mahi. Ka mahi pai hoki rātou me ngā wai kore-arataki ina honoa ki ngā raina tika, ka whakawhānui ake i tō rātou whai huatanga ki tua atu i te wai anake ki ētahi atu wai ahumahi. Mō ngā pūnaha ā-tāone e pā ana ki te kounga wai rerekē, ki ngā whare ahumahi rānei me ngā āhuatanga wai uaua, ka whakakorehia e tēnei whānuitanga te hiahia mō te whakakapinga mita, te tiaki rānei i ngā mita.

Ko te iti o ngā whakaritenga tiaki me te roa o te ora ratonga ka whakakaha ake i te rongonui o ngā mita wai hikohiko. Me tiaki tonu ngā mita mīhini: me whakahinuhinu ngā wāhanga neke, me whakakore te puranga paru, ā, me whakakapi ngā wāhanga kua tawhito (pēnei i ngā gaskets, i ngā impellers rānei) kia mau tonu ai te tika. Ehara i te mea ko ēnei mahi anake ka puta he utu mahi me ngā rauemi engari ka arahi hoki ki te wā kore mahi i te wā tiaki. He rerekē, kāore he wāhanga neke o ngā mita EM hei mahi. Ko te tiaki auau he whakatikatika auau noa iho (he iti ake te auau i ngā whakahounga mita mīhini) me ngā tirotiro tirohanga o te ngongo rere me ngā pūoko. Ko te tikanga o tēnei he iti ake ngā utu huringa ora—ka penapenahia e ngā ratonga me ngā pakihi ngā whakapaunga tiaki, ka whakaitihia ngā whakararuraru mahi, ā, ka roa ake te ora ratonga o te mita ki te 10–20 tau, ki te whakaritea ki te 5–8 tau mō te maha o ngā huarahi mīhini.

Ka tukuna hoki e ngā mita wai hiko aukume he whakaurunga raraunga pai rawa atu me ngā āheinga aroturuki atamai, e hangai ana ki te nekehanga ki ngā whatunga wai atamai. Ko te nuinga o ngā mita EM hou he putanga mamati (pēnei i te RS485, Modbus, LoRaWAN rānei) e āhei ai te hononga maeneene ki ngā pūnaha aroturuki pokapū, ngā tūāpapa SCADA (Mana Whakahaere me te Kohi Raraunga), te pūmanawa whakahaere wai kapua rānei. Mā tēnei ka taea te aroturuki i te tere rere i te wā tūturu, te kohikohi raraunga mamao, me ngā whakatūpato aunoa mō ngā āhuatanga rerekē (pēnei i ngā pikinga ohorere o te rere, ngā hekenga rānei, e tohu ana i ngā turuturu, i ngā hapa taputapu rānei). Kāore i rite ki ngā mita miihini, e hiahia ana ki te pānui ā-ringa (he tukanga roa me te ngāwari ki te hapa), ka taea e ngā mita EM ngā ratonga te kohikohi raraunga tika, i te wā tūturu me te kore e tuku kaimahi ki ngā wāhi kei te papaanga. Ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake i te pai o te mahi anake engari ka whakamanahia hoki te whakahaere wai matatau—hei tauira, te tautuhi me te whakatika wawe i ngā turuturu hei whakaiti i te para wai me te kino o ngā hanganga.

Hei whakamutunga, ka whai wāhi ngā mita wai hikohiko ki te whai huatanga o te pūngao me te oranga tonutanga o te taiao. Ka whakawhirinaki ngā mita miihini ki te kaha o te wai e rere ana hei huri i ō rātou wāhanga neke, ka hanga he hekenga pēhanga iti engari ka taea te ine i roto i te pūnaha wai. I roto i te wā, ka akiakihia e tēnei hekenga pēhanga ngā papu wai kia kaha ake te mahi, ka piki ake te whakapaunga pūngao. Ko ngā mita EM, me tō rātou hoahoa rere kore aukati, kāore e hanga he ngaronga pēhanga. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei te hiahia pūngao i runga i ngā pūnaha tohatoha wai, ka whakaitihia ngā tapuwae waro me ngā utu pūngao mō ngā ratonga. Hei tāpiri, ko te roa o te ora ratonga me te iti o te hiahia ki te whakakapi ka whakaiti i te pānga taiao o te hanga me te whakakorenga o ngā mita tawhito—e hangai ana ki ngā mahi a te ao ki te whakatairanga i te whakahaere rauemi pumau.

Hei whakamutunga, ko ngā mita wai hikohiko he whanaketanga nui i roto i te hangarau ine wai. Ko te whakakotahitanga o te tika tino pai, te whānui o te whakamahinga i roto i ngā āhuatanga uaua, te iti o ngā hiahia tiaki, te whakaurunga aroturuki atamai, me te whai huatanga o te pūngao e aro ana ki ngā wero tino nui o te whakahaere wai hou. Mō ngā ratonga, ngā ahumahi, me ngā hinonga arumoni e rapu ana i tētahi otinga pono, whai hua, me te ā-mua, ko ngā mita wai hikohiko he taputapu tino nui hei whakapai ake i te whakamahinga wai, hei whakaiti i te para, me te hanga pūnaha wai pumau ake.