Te Tūranga Matua o ngā Mita Rere Hikohiko i roto i te Ine i ngā Wai Arahi

Te Tika Kore e Taea te Whakaōrite i roto i ngā Taiao Arahi

Kei te pūtake o te mahi a te EMF he papa aukume e hangaia ana i roto i tētahi paipa kore-aukume. Ina rere te wai kawe i roto i tēnei papa, ka puta he ngaohiko e rite ana ki tōna tere—e inehia ana e ngā irahiko kua whakauruhia ki roto i te pakitara o te paipa. Mā tēnei hoahoa ka kore e hiahiatia he wāhanga neke, he huānga urutomo rānei, ka taea te whakararuraru i te rere, te heke rānei i roto i te wā. Mō ngā wai kawe me te kawe hiko iti iho i te 5 µS/cm (he paepae e taea te whakatutuki e te nuinga o ngā wai ahumahi, te wai para, tae atu ki te maha o ngā inu), ka tukuna e ngā EMF te tika tino pai, i roto i te ±0.5% o te uara ine.

Whakaarohia ngā whare rongoā wai para o te tāone: he tino pai te kawe i ngā wai para mata, he nui ngā totoka wairewa me ngā mea rauropi. He uaua ki ngā mita miihini tuku iho te aukati, te pakaru rānei mai i ngā matūriki whakakoi, ā, ka puta he hapa tae atu ki te 5–10%. He rerekē, kāore ngā EMF e pāngia. I kitea i roto i tētahi rangahau i te tau 2023 e te Water Environment Federation, ko ngā EMF i tāutahia ki roto i ngā raina wai para i mau tonu te tika i roto i te ±0.3% i roto i te wā 12-marama, ahakoa te rerekētanga o ngā rerenga me ngā kukū matūriki. Mā tēnei tino tika ka taea e ngā whare rongoā te whai i ngā rahinga rere mai, te arotau i te inenga matū, me te ripoata i ngā raraunga tutuki me te maia.​

Te whānuitanga o ngā wai kawe hiko

He whānuitanga o ngā wai kawe hiko e horapa ana i ngā matotoru, ngā pāmahana, me ngā hanganga matū, mai i ngā hinu matotoru-i-te-wai i roto i te umanga kai ki ngā otinga waikawa waikura i roto i te tukatuka matū. He tino pai ngā EMF puta noa i tēnei whānuitanga. Ko tā rātou hoahoa kore-whakauru ka ātete ki te waikura ina honoa ki ngā rauemi hototahi (hei tauira, ngā raina PTFE mō ngā waikawa, ngā irahiko kowiri tira rānei mō ngā otinga waikura), e pai ai mō ngā wai ka whakangaro i ngā mita miihini.

I roto i te rāngai keri, he uaua te ine i te paru - he ranunga o te wai me ngā matūriki kohuke he nui te kawe hiko - he wai uaua ki te ine. Heoi, ka taea e ngā EMF te whakahaere i ngā paru he nui te ihirangi totoka tae atu ki te 70% me te kore e ngaro te mahi. I kōrerohia e tētahi maina parahi i Chile ko te huri ki ngā EMF i whakaiti i te tiaki kore whakamahere mā te 80% ki te whakataurite ki ngā mita hoe wira, i hiahiatia ai te horoi ia wiki nā te nui o te paru. I whakaratohia hoki e ngā EMF ngā raraunga rere wā-tūturu, e āhei ai te maina ki te whakarerekē i ngā tere papu me te whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao mā te 12% ia tau.

Te Āheitanga ki ngā Āhuatanga Rere Hihiri

He maha ngā wā ka rerekē te rere o ngā wai kawe hiko, mai i ngā tere iti i roto i te whakamakuku ahuwhenua ki ngā rere tere-nui i roto i ngā paipa ahumahi. Ka mau tonu te tika o ngā EMF puta noa i te ōwehenga whānui o te hurihanga—ko te tikanga he 100:1 (hei tauira, te ine i ngā rere mai i te 0.1 ki te 10 m/s)—he nui ake i te ōwehenga 10:1 o te maha o ngā mita miihini. He mea nui tēnei ngāwari i roto i ngā tono pēnei i te hanga penupenu me te pepa, i reira ka tere te rere o ngā whakatārewatanga penupenu (he kawe hiko nā te nui o te wai) i roto i ngā huringa whakaputa.

I whakamahia e tētahi mira pepa i Finland ngā EMF hei aroturuki i te rere o te penupenu i roto i tana tukanga whakama. I aro turuki tika ngā mita i ngā tere rere i te mea ka piki ake i te 2 m/s ki te 8 m/s i te wā o ngā mahi puranga, kia tika ai te horopeta o te hauwai waikura. Nā tēnei whakahaere i whakaiti i te para matū mā te 15%, ā, i whakapai ake i te kounga o te pepa, e whakamanahia ana e te whakaiti i te rerekētanga o ngā inenga kanapa.​

Ngā Painga Taiao me te Ōhanga

Haunga te tika me te whānui o te whakamahinga, ka whai wāhi ngā EMF ki te pumau me te penapena utu. Ko tā rātou mahi penapena-pūngao (e pau ana i te 10 watts noa iho) he rerekē ki ngā mita miihini e whakaputa ana i te hekenga pēhanga, e moumou ana i te pūngao mā te whakawhāiti i te rere. I roto i tētahi tipu matū nui i Tiamana, ko te whakakapi i ngā mita miihini ki ngā EMF i roto i tētahi paipa 12-inihi te roa e kawe ana i te whakarewa kawe hiko i whakaiti i ngā utu pūngao papu mā te €4,000 pea ia tau, e ai ki tētahi rangahau take 2024.​

Hei tāpiri, ka āwhina ngā EMF i te kimi turuturu i roto i ngā whatunga wai kawe. Mā te aroturuki tonu i ngā rerekētanga rere i waenga i ngā pūwāhi tomo me te pūwāhi putanga, ka taea e ngā kaiwhakahaere te tautuhi i ngā āhuatanga rerekē e tohu ana i ngā turuturu—he mea nui hei ārai i te poke o te taiao. I whakamahia e tētahi whare whakapai hinu i Texas ngā EMF hei kimi i tētahi turuturu iti i roto i tētahi paipa hinu mata (he turuturu nā ngā tote rewa) i mua i te pikinga, ā, ka karohia te $500,000 i roto i ngā utu horoi me ngā whiu ture.​

Whakamutunga

Kua hurihia e ngā mita rere hikohiko te āhua o te ine i ngā wai kawe hiko, e tuku ana i te tika, te whānui, me te pono i roto i ngā taiao e kore ai e angitu ngā mita tuku iho. Mai i te maimoatanga waipara ki te keri me te tukatuka matū, ko tō rātou kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā wero ahurei o ngā wai kawe hiko—te whakakoi, te waikura, me te rere rerekē—he mea nui mō ngā mahi ahumahi me ngā mahi ā-tāone hou. I te mea ka nui haere te whakatairanga a ngā ahumahi i te whai huatanga me te pumau, ka nui haere te tūranga o ngā EMF ki te whakarite i te inenga wai kawe hiko tika, whai hua, me te tutuki i ngā whakaritenga.