I. Te Urutau Momo Waenga

1. Ngā Tikanga Mahi Wai

• He pai mō ngā wai ma, iti te matotoru, kotahi-wāhanga pērā i te wai puna, te wai e rere ana i ngā ahumahi, te penehīni, te tīhiera, te methanol, te etanoru, me te ethylene glycol.
• Me eke te tau Reynolds o te reo ki te Re > 2000 (tere rere waenga-ki-teitei). Me karo i ngā reo matotoru (hei tauira, te hinu taumaha, te hinu whakahinuhinu), nā te mea ka puta he awhiowhio kore pumau, ka heke nui te tika.

2. Ngā Tikanga Mahi Hau

• He pai mō ngā hau maroke, ma, pērā i te hau māori, te hau kōpeke, te hauota, te hāora, te hauhā waro, me te hau oumu pahū (me tātari ngā poke).
• Ka taea te whakatutuki i ngā whakaritenga ine o ngā hau pāmahana noa me ngā hau pāmahana waenga ki te pāmahana teitei (hei tauira, te aroturuki i te hau paipa). Me aro nui ki te pēhanga hau pumau hei karo i ngā piki me ngā heke nui e pā ana ki ngā hua ine.

3. Ngā Tikanga Mahi o te Mamao

• He āhuatanga pai tēnei mō ngā mita rere vortex, he mea tino pai mō te ine i te mamaoa kukū me te mamaoa wera rawa, pērā i te mamaoa poihau i roto i ngā tipu hiko, te mamaoa tukatuka i roto i ngā tipu matū, me te mamaoa i roto i ngā pūnaha whakamahana.
• Ka taea te tu atu i te pāmahana teitei me te pēhanga teitei (te pāmahana ≤ 400℃ te nuinga, te pēhanga ≤ 16MPa) me te ngaronga pēhanga iti, ka whakaiti i te whakapaunga pūngao o ngā paipa.

II. Ngā Tikanga Mahi mō te Paipa me te Tāutanga

1. Ngā Whakaritenga mō te Diameter o te Paipa

• He pai mō ngā diameter paipa reo-ki-rahi me te DN ≥ 25mm (ko te DN25~DN3000 te tikanga). He iti te tika o te ine mō ngā diameter paipa iti (DN < 25mm) ā, kāore i te tūtohutia.
• Ka tautoko i te tāutanga whakapae, poutū, whakarara rānei, engari me whakarite kia rere katoa ngā paipa mō ngā wai, kia ōrite rānei te rere mō ngā hau/korohū kia kore ai he paipa takoto kau, he rere rua-wāhanga rānei mō te hau-wai.

2. Ngā Whakaritenga mō te Wāhanga Paipa Tika

• Me tutuki ngā whakaritenga roa o ngā wāhanga paipa tika i mua atu, i muri mai hoki i te mita: ko te tikanga, ko te taha whakarunga he ≥ 10 ngā wā o te whānui o te paipa, ā, ko te taha whakararo he ≥ 5 ngā wā o te whānui o te paipa (ina kore he wāhanga whakararuraru). Mena he takirere, he tuke rānei, me whakanui ake te roa o te wāhanga paipa tika (hei tauira, ko te taha whakarunga he ≥ 20 ngā wā o te whānui o te paipa) kia mau ai te rere o te wai.

III. Ngā Āhuatanga Mahi Taiao me ngā Tukanga

1. Te Pāmahana me te Pēhanga

• Awhe pāmahana: -40℃~400℃ (ngā tauira noa); ka taea e ētahi tauira pāmahana teitei te tu atu i ngā pāmahana teitei ake (hei tauira, 550℃).
• Awhe pēhanga: 0~16MPa (ngā tauira noa); ka taea e ngā tauira pēhanga teitei te whakatutuki i ngā tikanga mahi me te pēhanga ≤ 40MPa (hei tauira, ngā wai pēhanga teitei i roto i ngā mara hinu).

2. Ngā Whakaritenga Taiao

• He pai mō ngā taiao ahumahi tuku iho pērā i ngā awheawhe hinu-matū, hiko, me te whakarewa. Mena he kaha te wiri o te taiao (hei tauira, tata ki ngā papu), me tāuta he taputapu whakaiti wiri; ki te kore, ka whakararu te wiri i te kitenga awhiowhio, ā, ka puta he nekehanga raraunga.
• Ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā horopaki ātete-pahū (me whakamahi pūoko ātete-pahū), pērā i ngā wāhi mura me ngā wāhi pahū i roto i ngā mara hinu me ngā wheketere matū.

IV. Te Whakarerekētanga ki ngā Whakaritenga Whakahaere Tukanga

1. Awhe Rere

• He whānui te ōwehenga hurihanga (1:10~1:30), he pai mō ngā āhuatanga mahi me ngā rerekētanga rere nui, pērā i te ine whāngai i roto i ngā tauhohenga matū me te ine rere mamaoa i te wā e huri ana te kawenga i roto i ngā tipu hiko.

2. Putanga Tohu me te Whakaurunga

• Tautoko ana i ngā putanga tohu pēnei i te 4-20mA, te pāorooro, te HART, me te RS485, ā, ka taea te hono tika ki ngā pūnaha PLC me te DCS hei whakatutuki i ngā hiahia o te aroturuki mamao me te whakahaere aunoa, pēnei i te whakahaere rere porowhita-kati i roto i ngā raina whakaputa ahumahi.

V. Ngā Tikanga Mahi hei Ārai

1. He matotoru teitei (he matotoru neke atu i te 10mm²/s), he nui te totoka (he nui te matūriki totoka > 1%), he ngāwari ki te whakatio, he ngāwari rānei ki te whakaneke i te rahi o te rauemi.
2. Ngā āhuatanga mō te tere rere iti (te tau Reynolds Re < 2000) me te diameter paipa iti (DN < 25mm).
3. Te rere rua-wāhanga o te hau-wai, te rere rua-wāhanga rānei o te wai-totoka (hei tauira, te wai he mirumiru, te wai para he nui ngā poke).
4. Ngā taiao e kaha ana te wiri, e kaha ana rānei te pokanoa hikohiko (kāore he tikanga tiaki).