Auahatanga Ahumahi: Ko te Hanganga Atamai te Piki i te Hiahia—He aha i Me Whai ai ngā Mita Rere Hikohiko mō te Whakahaere Tukanga

Ka tupu pai te hanga atamai i runga i ngā pūnaha honohono: ka mahi tahi ngā pūoko, ngā kaiwhakahaere, me ngā tūāpapa kapua ki te kohikohi, ki te tātari, me te mahi i runga i ngā raraunga wā-tūturu. Ko ngā mita rere tuku iho, pērā i ngā mita tāpoi, ngā mita nekehanga pai rānei, he maha ngā wā ka mahi hei taputapu "motuhake"—me pānui ā-ringa, me whakaputa putanga anaro taketake rānei, ka uaua ki te whakauru atu ki ngā rauropi mamati. Ka hangaia e tēnei momotu ngā āputa raraunga e aukati ana i te arotautanga tukanga.

Mā te hoahoa ka whakatauhia tēnei raruraru e ngā mita rere hikohiko. Ko te nuinga o ngā EMF hou he mea whakarite ki ngā kōwae whakawhitiwhiti matihiko (hei tauira, Modbus, Profinet, OPC UA rānei)—he tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā wheketere atamai hei whakahohe i te whakawhiti raraunga maeneene. Ka taea e ēnei mita te tuku raraunga rere wā-tūturu, tae atu ki te tere rere, te rōrahi katoa, me ngā matohi tātaritanga, tika ki ngā pūnaha whakahaere matua (pēnei i te SCADA, MES rānei) ki ngā papaaho kapua rānei. Hei tauira, i roto i tētahi tipu matū, ka taea e tētahi EMF kua tāutahia ki roto i tētahi paipa matū te tuku raraunga rere tonu ki tētahi taputapu tātari kapua. Kātahi ka taea e ngā miihini te aroturuki i ngā raraunga mai i tawhiti, te tautuhi i ngā rerekētanga mai i ngā tere rere tino pai (hei tauira, he hekenga ohorere e tohu ana i te aukati), me te whakatika i ngā tukanga i te wā-tūturu—me te kore e hiahiatia kia noho ki te papaanga. Mā tēnei whakaurunga ka whakakorea ngā silos raraunga, ka taea e ngā wheketere te hanga i tētahi "mahanga matihiko" o ā rātou tukanga (he tārua mariko e whakatauira ana i ngā mahi o te ao tūturu) me te whakatau whakatau matapae, he whāinga matua o te hanga atamai.

Ko te hanga atamai he mea nui ki te ōritetanga—ahakoa he iti noa ngā rerekētanga o te rere o te wai ka arahi pea ki ngā hapa o te hua, ki te pikinga o te para, ki ngā tūponotanga haumaru rānei, inā koa i roto i ngā ahumahi pēnei i te rongoā, te kai me te inu, te hinu me te hau rānei. Ka raru te tika o ngā mita miihini tuku iho i te roanga o te wā: ka pakaru ngā wāhanga neke, ka ārai ngā paru i ngā pūnaha, ā, ka puhoi te hurihanga o ngā wāhanga e ngā wai matotoru teitei (pēnei i te tirikara, i ngā hinu whakahinuhinu rānei), ka arahi ki te iti rawa o te tatau, te nui rawa rānei o te tatau.

He rerekē ngā EMF, kāore he wāhanga neke, e whakakore ana i te pakaru miihini, ā, e whakarite ana i te tika mō te wā roa. Ka mahi rātou mā te whakaputa i tētahi papa aukume puta noa i tētahi paipa; ina rere tētahi wai kawe (hei tauira, te wai, ngā matū, ngā paru rānei) i roto i te papa, ka puta he iahiko hiko (e ai ki te Ture a Faraday). He rite tonu te kaha o tēnei iahiko ki te tere rere, e taea ai te ine tika me te tawhā hapa o te ±0.5% noa iho—he iti iho i te hapa ±1-3% o ngā mita miihini. He mea nui tēnei pono mō ngā ahumahi he paerewa kounga tino pakari. Hei tauira, i roto i tētahi wheketere rongoā, ka whakarite te EMF kia konatunatuahia ngā horopeta tika o ngā kai hohe ki roto i ngā rongoā; ahakoa he 1% te rerekētanga ka kore e haumaru te puranga. I roto i te hanga atamai, i te wāhi e kore e taea te whiriwhiri i te whai i ngā mea me te whakahaere kounga, ka whakaratohia e ngā EMF te tika e hiahiatia ana hei karo i ngā hapa utu nui.

He whānuitia ngā wai e whakahaerehia ana e ngā wheketere atamai—mai i ngā matū waikura (hei tauira, ngā waikawa i roto i te tukatuka whakarewa) ki ngā paru whakakoi (hei tauira, te sima i roto i te hanganga) me ngā wai akuaku (hei tauira, te miraka i roto i te hanga miraka). He maha ngā wā ka hē ngā mita tuku iho i roto i ēnei āhuatanga kino: ka kino ngā wāhanga whakarewa i ngā wai waikura, ka pakaru ngā impeller i ngā paru whakakoi, ā, me wetewete pinepine ngā tono akuaku kia horoia (ka whakararu i ngā tukanga).

He tino ngāwari te urutau o ngā mita rere hikohiko ki ēnei wero. Ka taea te hanga i ā rātou ngongo ine mai i ngā rauemi ātete-waikura (hei tauira, PTFE, uku, Hastelloy rānei), e pai ai mō ngā matū kaha. Mō ngā paru whakakoi, ko te hoahoa maeneene, kāore e pokanoa o ngā EMF ka ārai i te kohikohinga matūriki me te kakahu - he rerekē ki ngā mita miihini, he kapiti kei reira ka piri ngā matūriki. I roto i ngā ahumahi akuaku pēnei i te kai me te inu, ka tutuki ngā EMF i ngā Paerewa Hauora 3-A: ko ā rātou ngongo kore hononga me ngā mata ngāwari ki te horoi ka whakakore i te tipu o te kitakita, ā, ka taea te horoi i te wāhi (CIP) me te kore e wetewete. Ko te tikanga o tēnei whānuitanga o te whakamahinga, kāore e hiahiatia e ngā wheketere te haumi ki ngā momo mita maha mō ngā wai rerekē - ka taea e te EMF kotahi te whakahaere i ngā tono rerekē, ka whakaiti i ngā utu taputapu me te whakahaere i te tiaki. I roto i te hanga atamai, ko te ngāwari te mea nui ki te urutau ki ngā hiahia whakaputa hurihuri, ko tēnei urutau ka tino hiahiatia ngā EMF.

I te mea e whakarerekē ana ngā mahi ahumahi i ngā mahi hanga atamai, kua whanake ngā mita rere hikohiko mai i ngā taputapu motuhake ki ngā wāhanga nui o te whakahaere tukanga. Ko tō rātou kaha ki te whakauru ki ngā rauropi mamati, ki te tuku i te tika teitei, me te urutau ki ngā wai kanorau e aro tika ana ki ngā tono matua o ngā wheketere hou: te whai huatanga, te pono, me te ngāwari. Mō ngā kaihanga e hiahia ana ki te noho ki mua i roto i te whenua whakataetae, ehara i te mea he kōwhiringa hangarau noa iho te haumi ki ngā EMF—he kōwhiringa rautaki. Kāore ēnei mita e ine noa i te rere; ka taea e rātou ngā tukanga kua arotauhia e te raraunga e tautuhi ana i te angitu hanga atamai. I te tere haere o te ia ki te mamati ahumahi, ka nui haere te hiranga o ngā mita rere hikohiko, ka whakapūmau i tō rātou tūranga hei mea nui mō ngā wheketere o te heke mai.